Human Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test 5

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This Human Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test Contains 250 Questions but every time you will get 20 different Questions to answer

1 / 20

A 47-year-old woman experienced migraine headaches that were not relieved by her current pain medications. Her doctor prescribed one of the newer analgesic agents that exert their effects by targeting synaptic transmission in nociception and peripheral sensory transduction. Which of the following drugs is correctly paired with the type of receptor it acts on to exert its antinociceptive effects?

Naloxone and opioid receptors

Gabapentin and Nav1.8

Topiramate and Na+ channel

Ziconotide and NMDA receptors

2 / 20

1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol affects intestinal Ca2+ absorption through a mechanism that

includes alterations in the activity of genes.

involves degradation of apical calcium channels.

includes alterations in the activity of genes.

decreases cell turnover

3 / 20

A 70-year-old woman fell down a flight of stairs, hitting her head on the concrete sidewalk. The trauma caused a severe intracranial hemorrhage. The symptoms she might experience are dependent on the area of the brain most affected. Which of the following is incorrectly paired?

Damage to the angular gyrus in the categorical hemisphere : Nonfluent aphasia

Damage to the parietal lobe of the representational hemisphere : Unilateral inattention and neglect

Damage to Broca area in the categorical hemisphere : Slow speech

Damage to the mammillary bodies : Loss of recent memory

4 / 20

A 45-year-old man with testicular cancer underwent chemotherapy treatment with cisplatin. He reported several adverse side effects including changes in taste, numbness and tingling in his fingertips, and reduced sound clarity. When the damage to the outer hair cells is greater than the damage to the inner hair cells,

there is severe hearing loss

affected hair cells fail to shorten when exposed to sound.

perception of vertical acceleration is disrupted

K+ concentration in perilymph is decreased.

5 / 20

At the age of 30, a male postal worker reported weakness in his right leg. Within a year the weakness had spread to his entire right side. A neurologic examination revealed flaccid paralysis, muscular atrophy, fasciculations, hypotonia, and hyporeflexia of muscles in the right arm and leg. Sensory and cognitive function tests were normal. Which of the following diagnosis is likely?

A large tumor in the left primary motor cortex

Damage to the basal ganglia

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A cerebral infarct in the region of the corona radiate

6 / 20

Cells responsible for innate immunity are activated most commonly by

eosinophils

pollen

glucocorticoids

carbohydrate sequences in bacterial cell walls

7 / 20

In second-degree heart block

the ventricular rate is lower than the atrial rate.

stroke volume is decreased

there is a high incidence of ventricular tachycardia.

the ventricular ECG complexes are distorted.

8 / 20

Which of the following is most likely involved in production of LTP?

Activation of NMDA receptors, NO-induced reduction in glutamate release in a presynaptic neuron, and membrane depolarization

Decreased Ca2+ in presynaptic or postsynaptic neurons, activation of NMDA receptors, and membrane depolarization

NO release, activation of NMDA receptors, and membrane hyperpolarization

Increased Ca2+ in presynaptic or postsynaptic neurons, activation of NMDA receptors, and membrane depolarization

9 / 20

The contractile response in skeletal muscle

decreases in magnitude with repeated stimulation

starts after the action potential is over.

produces more work when the muscle contracts isometrically than when the muscle contracts isotonically

produces more tension when the muscle contracts isometrically than when the muscle contracts isotonically.

10 / 20

Nitric oxide synthase contributes to erection by:

blocking phosphodiesterases to increase cGMP levels that release smooth muscle and increase blood flow.

activating soluble guanylyl cyclases to increase cGMP levels that relax smooth muscle and increase blood flow

raising cAMP levels that relax smooth muscles and increase blood flow.

raising intracellular Ca2+ concentrations that relax smooth muscles and increase blood flow

11 / 20

In complete heart block

fainting may occur because the atria are unable to pump blood into the ventricles.

fainting may occur because of prolonged periods during which the ventricles fail to contract

ventricular fibrillation is common

the atrial rate is lower than the ventricular rate

12 / 20

A 20-year-old woman was diagnosed with Bell palsy (damage to facial nerve). Which of the following symptoms is she likely to exhibit?

Facial twitching and Ipsilateral facial paralysis

Droopy eyelid

All of the above

Loss of sense of taste

13 / 20

During childbirth, a woman suffers a serious hemorrhage and goes into shock. After she recovers, she displays symptoms of hypopituitarism. Which of the following will not be expected in this patient?

Cachexia

Infertility

Intolerance to stress

Low basal metabolic rate

14 / 20

Initiation of an action potential in skeletal muscle

requires temporal facilitation.

requires spatial facilitation.

requires the release of acetylcholine.

requires the release of norepinephrine

15 / 20

In its action in cells, aldosterone

may activate a heat shock protein.

does not act on the cell membrane

increases transport of ENaCs from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane.

binds to a receptor excluded from the nucleus.

16 / 20

Which part of the ECG corresponds to ventricular repolarization?

The T wave

The QRS duration

The PR interval

The P wave

17 / 20

A 45-year-old woman visited her clinician after experiencing sudden onset of vertigo, tinnitus and hearing loss in her left ear, nausea, and vomiting. This was the second episode in the past few months. She was referred to an otolaryngologist to rule out M?ni?re disease. Which of the following statements correctly describe the functions of the external, middle, or inner ear?

The semicircular canals, the utricle, and the saccule of the middle ear are concerned with equilibrium.

The cochlea of the inner ear contains receptors for hearing, semicircular canals contain receptors that respond to head tilt, and the otolith organs contain receptors that respond to rotation.

Sound waves are funneled through the external ear to the external auditory meatus and then they pass inward to the tympanic membrane

Contraction of the tensor tympani and stapedius muscles of the middle ear cause the manubrium of the malleus to be pulled outward and the footplate of the stapes to be pulled inward

18 / 20

Hypertension developed in a 26-year-old man after he began taking amphetamine to boost his energy and to suppress his appetite. Which of the following drugs would be expected to

Atropine

Phenylephrine

Albuterol

Reserpine

19 / 20

In human males, testosterone is produced mainly by the

Leydig cells

epididymis

Sertoli cells.

seminiferous tubules

20 / 20

Thyroid hormone receptors bind to DNA in which of the following forms?

A heterodimer with the progesterone receptor

A heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor

A heterodimer with the insulin receptor

A heterodimer with the prolactin receptor

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